Maintenance activities:
OLE maintenance: general inspection and maintenance of the overhead line equipment (OLE) which supplies power to railcars. Usually involves the use of a road-rail vehicle with an elevated work platform (e.g., cherry picker) attachment and hand tools.
Rail grinding: grinding of the rail to remove minor defects (small amounts of metal) and maintain the profile (shape) of the track. Required to extend the life of the rail, reduce operational noise, and improve passenger comfort during travel. Involves the use of a rail grinding track machine which travels along the rail line.
Regulating and tamping: maintenance of the ballast trackbed using specialised maintenance track machine to compact, shape and distribute ballast around the tracks and sleepers.
Re-railing: replacement of rail sections using a range of machinery including a loader and welding equipment.
Rail maintenance: inspection and maintenance of the track, replacing sleepers. Usually includes the use of hand tools, mini excavators and bobcats.
Platform maintenance/vehicle and pedestrian level crossing maintenance: inspection and maintenance of the platform, including replacement of yellow lines, rectification of platforms and crossings. This can involve using various tools and equipment such as jack hammers, compactors, and power tools.
Vegetation maintenance: trimming, pruning or removal of vegetation surrounding train stations and within the rail corridor. Usually uses electric hedge trimmers, chainsaws and electric saws.
Weed spraying: spraying of weeds on the track and rail batters using a road-rail vehicle.
Ballast delivery: crushed stones which form the foundation (or trackbed) on which the track and sleepers sit. Ballast is packed around the sleepers with a shoulder of ballast piled on either side to prevent movement of the track. Delivery will use trucks, loaders and bobcats.
Signalling maintenance: maintenance of signalling equipment within the rail corridor. This activity mainly uses hand tools but on occasion power tools.
Specialised equipment:
Road-rail vehicle: a specialised vehicle with two sets of wheels (rubber and steel), capable of operating on both regular road and railway track. Usually used to conduct patrols, OLE maintenance, and to access maintenance sites.
Maintenance train: a specialised train which undertakes maintenance as it travels along the rail line. Types include rail grinders, tampers and regulators.
Tamper and regulator: a piece of rail equipment used to shape and distribute the gravel ballast that supports the rail tracks. They are often used in conjunction with ballast tampers when maintaining track. A tamper is a self-propelled, rail-mounted machine used to pack (or tamp) the ballast under railway tracks to make the tracks and roadbed more durable and level.
Speno Ultrasonic test train: runs over rail to detect flaws. A diesel-run locomotive.